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TIME: Almanac 1995
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<text id=90TT2527>
<title>
Sep. 24, 1990: Front Page vs. Bottom Line
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
Sep. 24, 1990 Under The Gun
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
PRESS, Page 77
Front Page vs. Bottom Line
</hdr>
<body>
<p>The New York Post is reprieved, but tabs are still in trouble
</p>
<p> REAL ESTATE MOGUL ON THE ROPES. UNIONS BATTLE FOR SURVIVAL.
The conflict had the makings of a tabloid-headline writer's
dream. But the journalistic juices were not flowing as usual
at the New York Post last week, as the gossipy newspaper itself
became one of the biggest stories in town. The Post, founded
in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton, faced the imminent prospect of
closing unless unions coughed up some $19 million in wage and
benefit concessions to satisfy the deadline demands of its
owner, real estate developer Peter Kalikow. After marathon
bargaining, a tentative settlement kept the tabloid alive--for the time being. "We're optimistic," said Kalikow. "But if
the climate gets substantially worse in 1991, that may be
another set of facts."
</p>
<p> The Post's plight was the latest skirmish in the prolonged
battle for survival in New York City's fiercely competitive
newspaper market, increasingly an oddity in the era of
one-paper monopolies and bland corporate chains. Four papers--the broadsheet New York Times (circ. 1.1 million) and three
tabloids, the Post (504,000), the New York Daily News (1.2
million) and New York Newsday (230,000)--managed to make it
through the booming 1980s. But now the city's economy is in a
tailspin, and the tabloids are being dragged down with it. "I
don't think there's room for more than two papers in town," says
Gary Hoenig, editor of News, Inc., an industry trade magazine.
</p>
<p> Even the powerful Times has felt the chill. Its ad linage
during the first half of the year was off 13% compared with the
same period in 1989. But while nobody doubts that the Times
will continue, optimism about the tabloids is hard to find. The
Post, a mix of catty gossip columns, conservative editorials
and chest-thumping sports reporting, hasn't earned a penny in
nearly two decades. Press lord Rupert Murdoch lost $150 million
during the 12 years he owned the paper. He was threatening to
close it down in 1988, when Kalikow, wealthy and eager to join
the glamorous world of publishing, bought it from him for $37
million. Vowing to preserve the city's last conservative
editorial voice, Kalikow pumped nearly $100 million more into
the paper. He has already cut costs: forcing Post president
Valerie Salambier to resign saved $500,000 a year in salary and
perks, and Kalikow has said that was merely for starters. But
he also said the Post was still losing money at a $27 million
annual rate. The nine allied unions facing him, led by their
president, George McDonald, believed him, hence their will to
engage, however tensely, in talks that ended in a package of
layoffs, benefit cuts and shortened workweeks, in return for
20% ownership.
</p>
<p> A similar battle, for a similar reason, has been under way
at the Daily News since January. Once the nation's largest
daily, the News lost 4% of its circulation this year alone and
is reporting losses that run about $45 million annually. Even
before the Post settlement, News executives had declared that
they wanted the equivalent of whatever concessions Kalikow
obtained. In the meantime, the paper has hired labor lawyer Bob
Ballow, a tough Tennessean with a reputation for union busting.
"We want to regain management control of our business and
eliminate rampant labor abuses," says News vice president John
Sloan. Labor leaders contend that the News is trying to
destroy the unions, and they have urged major advertisers to
boycott the paper until progress is made on contract talks.
</p>
<p> The most likely survivor of the turmoil is New York Newsday,
a metropolitan spin-off of a successful Long Island-based daily
that has won praise for its in-depth coverage of the troubled
city. The Newsday edition has yet to turn a profit since it
began publishing six years ago, but the Times Mirror Co., which
owns the paper, has deep pockets and lower overhead costs than
the other owners and may withstand the economic shakeout more
easily than they can.
</p>
<p> A turnaround won't happen soon. New York's unemployment rate
is rising as the local economy mirrors Wall Street's failing
fortunes, real estate prices are falling, and advertisers are
pulling back. Brassy Bloomingdale's slashed its ad purchases
13% during the first half of the year; Macy's, a mainstay for
all four local papers, cut back by 10%. Meanwhile, demographic
changes in the city are cutting into circulation as the white
ethnics who were once among the tabloids' most loyal readers
are replaced by new immigrants. They prefer publications like
the bilingual weekly Observateur, which caters to the city's
growing Haitian population, and the Korean Chosun Daily News.
</p>
<p> Increasingly penned in by these circumstances, Kalikow has
tried hard to reinvent the Post for a broader audience. First
he went after the yuppie market, hiring ace magazine editor
Jane Amsterdam to upgrade the paper's image and introducing a
30-page Sunday edition that featured a travel section, a book
review and life-style articles. When those efforts flopped, he
replaced Amsterdam with veteran Post newsman Jerry Nachman, who
restored the paper's streetwise--and sensationalistic--approach (GETTIN' HOSED, screamed a headline when gas prices
began to rise after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait). The Post even
managed to score a couple of authentic scoops, including the
first revelations that Father Bruce Ritter, founder of Covenant
House, the nation's largest program for runaway teens, was
having sexual relations with some of the young males in the
program.
</p>
<p> The fact that the tinkering failed, and that the best the
Post can hope for is a negotiated break-even future, suggests
that the days of noisy debate among mass-circulation papers
with different political views may truly be gone. That does not
bother press critics like Everette Dennis, head of the Gannett
Center for Media Studies, who argued that the loss of the Post
"would mean very little" to New York readers because there are
so many other news outlets, including six local television
stations. That view was unlikely to inspire tabloid headline
writers either.
</p>
<p>By Janice C. Simpson. Reported by Leslie Whitaker/New York.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>